Once a scheme is built, let or trading, the question a lender asks changes completely. Development lending is underwritten on what an asset will be worth. Term lending is underwritten on what it earns, and whether that income covers the debt with room to spare.
Which income test applies depends on the product, not the building. A buy to let is measured on interest cover, the rent against the interest at a stressed rate well above the pay rate. A commercial term loan is measured on debt service cover, the net income against the full payment including capital. The two produce very different answers on the same asset, and knowing which one you are being judged against is usually the difference between a loan that works and one that does not.
That shift catches developers out at the wrong moment. A scheme can be finished, valued well, and still fail to refinance because the units are not yet let, the leases are too short, or the covenant behind the rent is weaker than the building suggests.
Which test applies to you
Interest cover on buy to let, stressed above the pay rate. Debt service cover on commercial term, including capital. We model the one that will actually be used.
The stabilisation gap
Term lenders want occupancy and evidence of it. We plan the bridge that carries the scheme across that gap rather than discovering it late.
Covenant and lease term
On commercial, the tenant and the unexpired term matter more than the postcode. Unexpired term below a lender's floor changes the whole conversation.
One facility or many
A portfolio can be refinanced asset by asset or cross-collateralised into one facility. The choice affects release of equity, and how easily you sell one unit.