A business that invoices on thirty or sixty day terms funds its customers' working capital out of its own. The faster it grows, the larger that gap becomes, which is why profitable businesses run out of cash. The money is not missing, it is sitting in the ledger.
Invoice finance advances against those unpaid invoices, commonly 80% to 90% of approved value, released within a day or two of raising them rather than on the customer's terms. The balance follows when the customer pays, less the charges.
The choice that matters is who collects. With factoring the lender runs the sales ledger and chases payment, which suits a business without a credit control function and is visible to customers. With invoice discounting you keep collecting and the facility is usually confidential, but the lender is relying on your systems, so it is offered to businesses with better records and a stronger balance sheet.
Whole ledger against selective
A whole ledger facility prices better and funds more. Selective or spot invoice finance funds only the invoices you choose, which costs more per pound and suits occasional need rather than a structural gap.
Concentration and debtor quality
A ledger where one customer is most of the turnover is a different risk, and most lenders cap the share any single debtor can represent. Knowing your concentration before you apply avoids a facility sized far below what the headline suggested.
The real cost, not the headline discount
There is a service fee on turnover and a discount margin on the money drawn, plus charges for credit protection and sometimes for each invoice. We show the all-in cost against what the facility actually releases.
Getting out, and what that takes
Notice periods, minimum terms and termination fees are where these facilities bite. It is worth reading the exit before signing the entry.