Owner-occupier lending shares a name with commercial investment lending and almost nothing else. There is no tenant and no lease, so there is no rent to test coverage against. The business occupying the building is the covenant, and its accounts are the underwrite.
Lenders work from adjusted profit, usually EBITDA, and ask whether the business generates enough to service the debt while continuing to trade, at a stressed rate and with room for a bad year. Two or three years of accounts, current management figures and a forward view are the substance of the application.
The personal guarantee position is the part borrowers underestimate. Most owner-occupier lending carries directors' guarantees, sometimes supported by a charge over a home. What is being guaranteed, by whom, and capped at what, is negotiable, and it is worth negotiating before the offer rather than at completion.
Accounts read the way a credit team reads them
Adjusted for directors' remuneration, one-off items and the rent the business will stop paying once it owns the building. That last adjustment is frequently the difference between a case that works and one that does not.
Coverage tested with room for a bad year
A business that services the debt exactly at today's trading has no headroom. Lenders test at a stressed rate and against a downside, and so should the appraisal you bring them.
The guarantee position negotiated
Whether a guarantee is capped, which directors give it, and whether a charge over a home is genuinely required. These are terms, not fixed conditions, and they are cheaper to change before the offer letter.
The building's value without your business in it
A lender is securing against a property it may one day have to sell empty. Specialist premises with a limited alternative use borrow less than generic ones, whatever the trading covenant.